There are two types of learning disabilities in reading. Basic reading problems occur when there is difficulty understanding the relationship between sounds, letters and words. Reading comprehension problems occur when there is an inability to grasp the meaning of words, phrases, and paragraphs.  Dyslexia is sometimes called the "invisible disability" because no one knows a person has it unless that person is asked to read or write.  The disorder varies from person to person, common characteristics among people with dyslexia are difficulty with phonological processing (the manipulation of sounds) and/or rapid visual-verbal responding.

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

• Difficulty in letter and word recognition
• Omission of letters, syllables, words .
• Addition of sounds or words in a sentences ( ischool for school)
• Substitution of new words or alphabets in a passage.
• Mispronouncing words/letters
• Reading speed and fluency
• General vocabulary skills are poor and not upto grade level.  
• Confusion over left and right.
• Writing letters or numbers backwards
• Difficulty following 2- or 3-step instructions
• Difficulties organizing themselves

It is crucial to diagnose dyslexia at an early age.  The sooner it is diagnosed, the sooner it can be treated.  For many school age children, it is best to sit down with the school and create and IEP (individual education program).  An IEP will give the child special care and will help them to cope with their learning disability.  One of the first steps to treating dyslexia are to learn your child's weaknesses.  Some children have trouble reading, while others have problems with speaking, math or writing.  Some children may even have a combination of these challenges.  Once you are aware of their areas of weakness you will know the areas to concentrate on most.